Hyperuricemia Meaning in Urdu, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

خون میں یورک ایسڈ کی زیادتی، جسے ہائپریوریسیمیا کہا جاتا ہے، ایک ایسی حالت ہے جس میں جسم میں یورک ایسڈ کی مقدار معمول سے زیادہ ہو جاتی ہے۔ یہ گوشت، چاول اور بعض غذاؤں کے ذریعے یا گردوں کی کم کارکردگی سے بڑھ سکتی ہے۔ زیادتی کی وجہ سے جوڑوں میں شدید درد اور سوجن، جسے گاؤٹ کہا جاتا ہے، اور گردے میں پتھری بن سکتی ہے۔ متوازن غذا، پانی کا زیادہ استعمال اور علاج سے اس کو کنٹرول کیا جا سکتا ہے۔

Hyperuricemia meaning in Urdu is "خون میں یورک ایسڈ کی زیادتی". It is a condition in which the level of uric acid in the blood is higher than normal. Uric acid is a waste product the body makes when it breaks down purines, which are found in many foods and drinks.

Normally, uric acid dissolves in the blood, passes through the kidneys, and leaves the body in urine. When the body makes too much uric acid or the kidneys cannot remove enough, it builds up in the blood. About 1 in 5 people have hyperuricemia. It is the main cause of gout, a painful form of arthritis, and can also lead to kidney stones.

Many people with hyperuricemia have no symptoms. When symptoms appear, they are usually due to gout or kidney stones. Common signs include:

• Sudden severe joint pain
• Pain at the base of the big toe
• Red, swollen, hot joints
• Pain in the ankles, knees, or fingers
• Joint stiffness in the morning
• Hard lumps under the skin (tophi)
• Lower back or side pain (kidney stones)
• Pain that moves to the groin
• Burning during urination
• Blood in the urine
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Reduced urine output

Seek a doctor's help if you notice:

• Sudden severe joint pain with redness and swelling
• Painful big toe joint that wakes you up at night
• Severe back or side pain that comes in waves
• Blood in the urine
• Difficulty passing urine
• Fever with joint pain (possible infection)
• Repeated gout attacks
• Hard lumps appearing near joints

Hyperuricemia can be caused by extra uric acid production or reduced removal. Common causes include:

• A diet high in red meat
• High intake of organ meats
• Heavy seafood consumption
• Alcohol, especially beer
• Sugary drinks high in fructose
• Obesity
• Kidney disease
• Diuretic medicines (water pills)
• High blood pressure medicines
• Diabetes
• Underactive thyroid
• Chemotherapy and cancer treatment
• Family history of gout or hyperuricemia
• Certain genetic conditions

You may be more likely to develop hyperuricemia if you:

• Eat a diet rich in red meat and organ meats
• Drink alcohol heavily, especially beer
• Consume many sugary drinks
• Are overweight or obese
• Have a family history of gout
• Have kidney disease
• Have diabetes
• Have high blood pressure
• Take diuretics or low-dose aspirin
• Are over 30 years of age (in men)
• Are postmenopausal (in women)
• Have hypothyroidism

To prevent hyperuricemia and its complications:

• Drink plenty of water daily
• Limit red meat and seafood
• Avoid heavy alcohol intake
• Cut sugary drinks and processed snacks
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Exercise regularly
• Control diabetes and blood pressure
• Treat kidney disease early
• Review your medicines with your doctor
• Get regular check-ups if there is a family history

Doctors classify hyperuricemia based on how uric acid builds up in the body:

Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

In this form, uric acid levels are high in the blood, however the person has no symptoms. Many people are first diagnosed during a routine blood test.

Hyperuricemia with Gout

This type develops when uric acid forms sharp crystals in the joints. These crystals cause sudden, severe joint pain, swelling, and redness, most commonly in the big toe.

Hyperuricemia with Kidney Stones

In this form, uric acid crystals settle in the kidneys and form stones. This can cause severe back pain, blood in the urine, and trouble passing urine.

Primary Hyperuricemia

This type happens when the body naturally produces too much uric acid. It is usually linked to genetic factors and family history.

Secondary Hyperuricemia

In this form, hyperuricemia develops because of another medical condition or medicines, such as kidney disease, chemotherapy, or diuretics.

Doctors use these methods to diagnose hyperuricemia and its complications:

• Blood test for uric acid level
• 24-hour urine uric acid test
• Joint fluid analysis to look for uric acid crystals
• X-ray of affected joints
• Ultrasound of joints in selected cases
• Kidney function tests
• Urinalysis
• Imaging tests for kidney stones (CT or ultrasound)
• Detailed history of diet and family history

Not all people with hyperuricemia need medicine. Treatment is based on symptoms, uric acid level, and overall health.

Home Remedies

• Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily
• Limit red meat to small portions
• Avoid organ meats like liver and kidney
• Limit shellfish and seafood
• Avoid beer and hard liquor
• Cut down on sugary drinks
• Lose extra body weight slowly
• Eat more vegetables, low-fat dairy, and whole grains
• Have low-fat yogurt and skim milk daily
• Add cherries and citrus fruits to the diet
• Limit fructose-rich foods

Medications

(All medicines must be prescribed by a doctor.)

• Medicines to lower uric acid production
• Medicines to help the kidneys remove more uric acid
• Anti-inflammatory medicines for gout attacks
• Colchicine for acute gout pain
• Steroid injections for severe joint inflammation
• Treatment of underlying conditions

Medical Treatments

• Joint fluid drainage in severe gout attacks
• Treatment for kidney stones if needed
• Lifestyle and nutrition counselling
• Long-term follow-up with regular uric acid tests
• Treatment of diabetes, blood pressure, and kidney disease
• Removal of large tophi by surgery in rare cases

If hyperuricemia is not controlled, it can lead to:

• Gout attacks
• Permanent joint damage
• Tophi formation under the skin
• Kidney stones
• Chronic kidney disease
• Kidney failure in severe cases
• High blood pressure
• Heart disease
• Reduced quality of life

High uric acid levels need proper guidance to prevent gout and kidney problems. Marham helps you connect with trusted, verified, and experienced rheumatologists, nephrologists, and general physicians who can guide you on diet, medicines, and follow-up. Book an appointment with the best rheumatologist through Marham today!

Marham shares expert-reviewed information to support your health journey. The information on this page is only to guide and inform you. For any personal advice, it’s always best to check with a medical professional.